The RPG-16 is a late Cold War era rocket launcher of Soviet origin. It was developed in the late 1960's as a longer range alternative to the RPG-7 for airborne forces. Whereas the RPG-7 was produced in huge quantities and widely exported the RPG-16 played only a minor role.

The reusable launcher of the RPG-16 is an enlarged version of the RPG-7. For transportation the launcher can be broken down in two halves in a similar way as the RPG-7D. Unlike the RPG-7 the rocket fits entirely within the launch tube. The larger diameter launche tube allows for a larger rocket motor, but limits the size of the enclosed warhead. Iron sights are fitted but the optical sight is the primary means of aiming.

A single operator may use the RPG-16. The only rocket available is the PG-16 HEAT round. This has a 300mm RHA penetration. The warhead is effective against armored vehicles and infantry positions. Modern tanks cannot be engaged over the frontal arc. Stationary targets can be engaged out to 800 meters. Usually a two man team carries a single launcher and five rockets.

The RPG-16 was primarily used by Soviet airborne forces. It was actively used in the Afghanistan campaign. Unlike other Soviet infantry weapons the RPG-16 was hardly exported. Low rate production was maintained until the 1990's.